Cary-Blair transport medium can be used to transport of clinical specimens suspected to contain enteric pathogens, including Shigella, Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Since this transport medium has a high pH (8.4), viability […]
Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar is a selective and differential medium . It is used for the isolation, cultivation and differentiation of gram-negative enteric microorganisms isolated from both clinical and non-clinical specimens such as from feces, urine, and […]
Voges-Proskauer is a double eponym, named after two microbiologists working at the beginning of the 20th century. They first observed the red color reaction produced by appropriate culture media after treatment with potassium hydroxide. It […]
Salmonella is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is a Gram-negative bacilli, motile and non-lactose fermenter. The genus can be divided into two species (S. enterica and S. bongori), based on their phenotypic profile. […]
Sample: Fresh diarrheal stool or stool collected in Cary Blair transport medium. Macroscopic examination: Rice watery stool with mucus flecks The laboratory diagnosis of cholera is based on colony morphology, culture characteristics, biochemical reactions, and […]
Enterobacteriaceae family contains a large number of genera that are biochemically and genetically related to one another. Many of the traditional or familiar bacteria are found in this family e.g. Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Enterobacter, Proteus, […]
The cell wall of Gram negative bacteria is more complex than those of Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative bacteria contain an extra layer of cells called outer membrane or LPS layer which surrounds the thin […]
Each of the letters in “IMViC” stands for one of these tests. “I” is for indole; “M” is for methyl red; “V” is for Voges-Proskauer, and “C” is for citrate, lowercase “i” is added for […]
Campylobacter usually causes diarrhea (often bloody). It is the most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, enterocolitis, especially in children. It causes systemic infection (rarely) in children and debilitated adults. Systemic infections (bacteremia), mostly by Campylobacter intestinalis. […]
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer also called the outer membrane is the outer most layer present in the cell wall of gram negative bacteria. It is a characteristics feature of Gram negative bacteria. As in peptidoglycan biosynthesis, […]
Salmonella is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacilli which move with the use of its peritrichous flagella. The genus Salmonella can be divided into two species (S. enterica and S. bongori), based on their phenotypic profile. […]
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