Kligler’s Iron Agar (KIA) is used for the detection of carbohydrate fermentation. Reactions of KIA helps to include/exclude particular bacterial isolate in the family Enterobacteriaceae. If an organism cannot ferment glucose, then in KIA, alkaline […]
Leptospirosis (also known as weil’s disease) is one of the widespread zoonoses caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira and is found in virtually all tropical and temperate areas of the world. Adolf Weil described […]
Mycoplasma is the smallest (0.2 – 0.8 micrometers) free-living bacteria (light microscopy cannot detect it) that can pass through some filters (0.45-μm-pore-size) used to remove bacteria. It has smallest genome (a total of about 500 […]
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative rod shaped bacteria of genus Klebsiella and family Enterobacteriaceae. They are members of normal intestinal flora of humans and animals and may be isolated from a variety of environmental sources. K. pneumoniae was first […]
Proteus are Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. They are widely distributed in nature and also occur as normal intestinal flora of humans. An opportunistic pathogen, they are one of the common cause of […]
Gram staining requires the use of different chemical reagents which can be purchased in ready to use forms from commercial suppliers or gram stain reagents can be prepared at the laboratory by mixing different chemicals […]
Bacteria are often preserved in microbiology laboratory for many purposes such as to re-examine or to characterize further or to send to a national reference laboratory for confirmation etc. Selection of a particular storage method […]
Haemophilus influenzae is a pleomorphic, gram negative coccobacillus which is divided into two groups: unencapsulated (non-typeable) and encapsulated. Encapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae are further classified into 6 different serotypes (a-f) based on the presence […]
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is one of the most common causes of pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis in children and adults both in developing and developed countries. S. pneumoniae is the most common causative agent in community-acquired […]
Skin is the body’s largest and thinnest organ which serves as an anatomical barrier between the sterile internal organs and the external environment which is teemed with microorganisms. Break in the skin surface may results […]
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a type of staph bacteria that is resistant to several antibiotics. Historically, staph strains that are oxacillin and methicillin resistant are termed as MRSA. MRSA are resistant to all ß-lactam […]
MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is a versatile analytical technique to detect and characterize mixtures of organic molecules. In Microbiology, it is being used as a rapid, accurate and cost-effective method for the identification of microorganism (bacteria, […]
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