Kligler’s Iron Agar (KIA) is used for the detection of carbohydrate fermentation. Reactions of KIA helps to include/exclude particular bacterial isolate in the family Enterobacteriaceae. If an organism cannot ferment glucose, then in KIA, alkaline […]
The carbohydrate fermentation test is used to determine whether or not bacteria can ferment a specific carbohydrate. Carbohydrate fermentation patterns are useful in differentiating among bacterial groups or species. It tests for the presence of acid and/or […]
Robertson’s Cooked Meat (RCM) medium is used for the cultivation of aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic microorganisms, especially Clostridium species. It is also known as Cooked Meat Broth (CMB) as it contains pieces of fat free […]
Phenylalanine deaminase test also known as phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) test is used to test the ability of an organism to produce enzyme deaminase. This enzyme removes the amine group from the amino acid phenylalanine and […]
Elek test is an in vitro immunoprecipitation (immunodiffusion) test to determine whether or not a strain of Corynebacterium diphtheriae is toxigenic. A test strip of filter paper containing diphtheria antitoxin is placed in the center […]
There are a variety of ways to determine motility of a bacterium—biochemical tests as well as microscopic analysis. If fresh culture of bacteria is available, microscopy is the most accurate way to determine bacterial motility and ‘Hanging […]
Lecithinase test or Nagler’s reaction is a biochemical test used to identify organisms which liberate phospholipases (lecithinases) e.g. Clostridium perfringens. The alpha (α) toxin of C. perfringens has phospholipase activity and hence, helps in differentiation […]
Principle: Acetate Utilization Test is used to determine if an organism can use acetate as the sole source of carbon. (Another similar test in which organisms ability to utilize Citrate as a sole source of […]
Principle: The butyrate disk is a rapid test for the detection of the enzyme butyrate esterase in identifying Moraxella (Branhamella ) catarrhalis. This test helps to differentiate Neisseria gonorrhoeae (negative) and Moraxella catarrhalis (positive), both […]
Pseudosel Agar or Cetrimide Agar is used for the selective isolation and presumptive identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The medium was first developed by Lowburry and is a modification of Tech Agar (developed by King […]
API (Analytical Profile Index) 20E presented is a biochemical panel for identification and differentiation of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. In API 20E for identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, the plastic strip holds […]
The nitrocefin biochemical test is a sensitive technique for detecting beta-lactamase producing strains of N. gonorrhoeae, H. influenzae, Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus spp and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Nitrocefin is the only reliable test for detecting beta-lactamase producing Enterococcus spp. […]
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