The SARS-CoV-2 viral antigen is generally detectable in nasopharyngeal swab specimens during the acute phase of infection. Most of the currently available antigen testing devices for the diagnosis of COVID-19 relies on qualitative detection of […]
When two pharmaceutical companies Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech announced developments of mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine against COVID-19, there is widespread optimism around the globe as it may limit COVID pandemics. Scientists are evaluating nucleotide-based vaccines (DNA […]
Bacteriophages “bacteria-eater” are infectious agents that replicate as obligate intracellular parasites in bacteria with high selectivity. They are the powerful regulators of bacterial populations in natural ecosystems and are found in the soils, plants, rivers, […]
Visible morphological changes in cell cultures caused by viral infections is called cytopathic effects (CPE). The degree of visible changes to cells caused by viral infection varies with the type of virus, type of host […]
Shell vial cell culture, a centrifuge enhanced tissue culture assay, is a modification of conventional cell culture for the rapid detection of viruses in vitro. Principle The technique involves inoculation of the clinical specimen on […]
When a person is infected with a pathogen, antibodies are produced against many epitopes of this pathogen. A subset of these antibodies can block infection by a process called neutralization. These antibodies block or distort the […]
The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA) is a semi-quantitative, sensitive, and rapid test to detect which can be used to detect specific antibodies or antigens present in the samples. IFA for the detection of Antibodies […]
Embroyonated chicken eggs are used for the cultivation of some viruses. The viruses grow in the cells of the embryo and membranes. Specimens are inoculated into pathogen-free fertilized eggs of 10-11 days and are incubated […]
Today, the whole world is suffering and threatened with this newly discovered disease, the COVID-19. People who are infected with the coronavirus are showing symptoms that are almost similar to having colds or flu. Sadly, […]
SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid test is a lateral flow immunoassay intended for the qualitative detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the blood (serum, plasma) from patients suspected of COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid […]
Nasopharyngeal (NP) swab is the optimal upper respiratory tract specimen collection method for viral respiratory infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus A & B, and parainfluenza virus. Nasopharyngeal swabs are also […]
Rapid collection and testing of appropriate specimens from patients meeting the suspected case definition for COVID-19 is a must for outbreak control and clinical management. Molecular testing is the current recommended method for the identification […]
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