Real-time PCR also called quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a variant of standard polymerase chain reaction in which amplification and simultaneous quantitation of a target DNA is done in the same PCR machine, using commercially available […]
Nested PCR is a modification of PCR designed to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the assay reaction. It involves the use of two primer sets directed against the same target and two successive PCR […]
Multiplex PCR is a variant of PCR method in which more than one target sequence is amplified using multiple sets of primers within a single PCR mixture. This enables amplification of several gene segments at […]
Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) is a variation of the polymerase chain reaction that amplifies target RNA. Addition of reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme prior to PCR makes it possible to amplify and detect RNA targets. Reverse […]
The lac operon is a well-known example of an inducible gene network which regulates the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli. It encodes the genes for internalization of extracellular lactose and then its […]
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a powerful molecular typing technique by which genomic DNA is isolated from the organism of interest followed by restriction enzyme analysis. The digestion products are then analysed on an agarose […]
Agarose gel electrophoresis is one of the most common electrophoresis technique which is relatively simple and straightforward to perform but possesses great resolving power. The agarose gel consists of microscopic pores that act as a […]
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an efficient and cost-effective molecular tool to copy or amplify small segments of DNA or RNA. PCR combines the principles of complementary nucleic acid hybridization with those of nucleic acid […]
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