Morphological characteristics of pathogenic bacteria help us to identify them when we stain microbiological specimens and view them under a microscope.
In this blog post, I am going to share some of the distinguishing characteristics shapes of pathogenic bacteria.
- Vibrio cholerae: Comma “Curved” Shaped Gram-negative rod.
- Campylobacter: Curved Gram-negative rods that appear either a comma or S-shaped.
- H. Influenzae: Small, Gram-negative coccobacilli.
- Staphylococci: Spherical, gram-positive cocci arranged in irregular, grape-like clusters.
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Fig: Characteristic shape of S. aureus and V. cholerae Streptococci: Spherical, Gram-positive cocci arranged in chains or pairs.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci): Gram-positive lancet-shaped cocci arranged in pairs (diplococci) or short chains.
- Neisseria (N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis): Gram-negative cocci that resemble paired kidney bean-shaped.
- Bacillus anthracis: Large, Gram-positive rod with square ends, frequently found in chains.
- Clostridium tetani: Gram-positive rod with characteristics “tennis racket shaped” or “Drum stick appearance” (because of terminal spore).
- Clostridium perfringens: Large, Gram-positive, “boxcar” shaped rods.
- Fusobacterium spp: These pleomorphic, long Gram-negative rods often with tapered “pointy” ends.
Fig: Gram Staining reaction of Fusobacterium spp - Corynebacteria: Gram-positive rods that appear club-shaped and are arranged in palisades or in V or L shaped formations (“Chinese-Letter” appearance).
- Listeria monocytogenes: It is a small Gram-positive rod arranged in V or L shaped formations similar to corynebacteria.
- Spirochetes (Treponema, Leptospira, and Borrelia): Thin-walled, flexible, spiral rods (Corkscrew shaped) seen only by darkfield microscope and generally not seen in a standard light microscope.
- Borrelia: They are corkscrew-shaped and are larger than the Treponema, they can be viewed under a light microscope with Giemsa or Wright stains.
what might be the implications be of some bacteria having an endospore for the transmission or control of certain diseases?
Hello Rosemary
thank you for posting query. Sorry i could not understand your question well. One thing regarding bacterial endospore is, it is highly resistant to sterilization (by heat, chemicals or other commonly used methods). So high chances of contaminating surgical instruments or ointments or any other compounds. This will increase the risk of infection or transmission of diseases.