All animal organs and systems are made of structural building blocks called cells. Higher organisms like plants and animals have developed cellular structures. They have membrane-bound cell...
Category: General Microbiology
Bioreactors are containers created and designed to offer an efficient environment for whole cells or enzymes to convert bio-chemicals into products. In other circumstances, such as water treatment,...
Glenn Gibson and Marcel Roberfroid first introduced the concept of prebiotics in 1995. They stated that a “Prebiotic is a nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by...
Thousands of years ago, fermented foods came from accidentally contaminated food by various microorganisms ever since people have been using starter culture to prepare and preserve food products. The...
Sterility testing of pharmaceutical or medical products helps assess whether they are free from contaminating microorganisms. These products should pass sterility testing because unsterile medical...
Bioburden describes the number of viable microorganisms present in a product or on a sterile barrier system. The bioburden may be introduced by various sources like raw materials, environment,...
