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The term peptidoglycan was derived from the peptides and the sugars (glycan) that make a molecule; it is also called 'murein' or 'mucopeptide.' This complex interwoven network of sugar polymer and...
Transposons are mobile genetic elements that are found in almost all organisms. Scientists believe that transposons make up more than 40% of the human genome. They are also referred to as ‘jumping...
Cytoplasmic granules or inclusion bodies are concentrated deposits of certain substances. Their location is in the cytoplasm of certain bacteria. They serve as storage areas for nutrients, e.g....
Many gram-positive bacteria have acidic components called teichoic acids embedded in their cell wall. Teichoic acids were discovered in 1958 by Armstrong and co-authors. Gram Positive cell wall...
Cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer also called the outer membrane is the outermost layer present only in the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. Braun’s...
Found mainly in Gram-negative organisms, fimbriae or pili (singular: pilus) are hair-like filaments (tiny hollow projections) that extend from the cell membrane into the external environment. A pilus...