Staphylococcus and Micrococcus both are Gram positive cocci (GPC). Both of these cocci are non-motile, non-sporing and Catalase Positive. Both of these organisms are normal flora of skin and mucous membranes of man and animals. Member […]
Popularly known as “flesh eating bacteria” , Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the pathogenic gram positive cocci. Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A streptococcus (GAS) is mostly known for streptococcal sore throat (strep throat). It is a […]
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are two most common pathogenic gram positive cocci of medical importance. They share some of the important properties. Common characteristics shared by of these gram positive cocci are: Non motile, Non Sporing, […]
Hippurate is the glycine conjugate of benzoic acid. When hippurate is hydrolysed by an organism glycine and benzoic acid are formed. In the classical test (48 hour), The benzoic acid produced was detected using ferric […]
Streptococci are Gram positive cocci either diplococci (lanceolate shaped; S. pneumoniae) or in chains. They are catalase negative (An important test which differentiate it from another cocci, Staphylococci). This fastidious gram positive cocci may give […]
Bile-esculin test is widely used to differentiate Enterococci and nonenterococcus group D streptococci, which are bile tolerant and can hydrolyze esculin to esculetin, from non-group D viridans group streptococci, which grow poorly on bile. It […]
Salt Tolerance Test is used in the identification of enterococcal group D Streptococcus on the basis of their salt tolerance. The ability of the bacteria to grow in the presence of variable amount of Sodium […]
Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase (PYR) test is a rapid test which is used for the presumptive identification of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococci and Enterococci. PYR test is available in different format. Original PYR test used to take […]
Catalase is an enzyme, which is produced by microorganisms that live in oxygenated environments to neutralize toxic forms of oxygen metabolites; H2O2. The catalase enzyme neutralizes the bactericidal effects of hydrogen peroxide and protects them. […]
The cell wall of Gram negative bacteria is more complex than those of Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative bacteria contain an extra layer of cells called outer membrane or LPS layer which surrounds the thin […]
The test principle, procedure and interpretation presented here are based on Latex Anti-Streptolysin O (ASO) test. The presence of Anti streptolysin O antibodies in serum can be indicated by seeing the ability of serum to […]
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) is a part of the normal nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal flora. It is an important etiological agent of upper and lower respiratory tract infections (URTI and LRTI) , bacteremia and septicemia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is also […]
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