Bacteriophages “bacteria-eater” are infectious agents that replicate as obligate intracellular parasites in bacteria with high selectivity. They are the powerful regulators of bacterial populations in natural ecosystems and are found in the soils, plants, rivers, […]
Nocardia species are gram-positive, variably acid-fast, filamentous, and strictly aerobic organisms belonging to the actinomycetes group. Nocardia spp form branched filaments that extend along the surface (substrate hyphae) and into the air (aerial hyphae). They […]
Visible morphological changes in cell cultures caused by viral infections is called cytopathic effects (CPE). The degree of visible changes to cells caused by viral infection varies with the type of virus, type of host […]
Shell vial cell culture, a centrifuge enhanced tissue culture assay, is a modification of conventional cell culture for the rapid detection of viruses in vitro. Principle The technique involves inoculation of the clinical specimen on […]
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is very sensitive (can detect at a concentration of <0.01 μg/mL) and a specific technique that is used for the quantitative detection of antigens or haptens. RIA is an extremely important tool in […]
When a person is infected with a pathogen, antibodies are produced against many epitopes of this pathogen. A subset of these antibodies can block infection by a process called neutralization. These antibodies block or distort the […]
The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA) is a semi-quantitative, sensitive, and rapid test to detect which can be used to detect specific antibodies or antigens present in the samples. IFA for the detection of Antibodies […]
Embroyonated chicken eggs are used for the cultivation of some viruses. The viruses grow in the cells of the embryo and membranes. Specimens are inoculated into pathogen-free fertilized eggs of 10-11 days and are incubated […]
Legionella is a faintly staining gram-negative pleomorphic rod, responsible for causing Legionnaires‘ disease; a severe form of atypical pneumonia, and Pontiac fever. Legionella was first recognized in 1976 after an outbreak of pneumonia at an American […]
Filtration is the preferred method of sterilizing heat sensitive liquid and gases without exposure to denaturing heat. Rather than destroying contaminating microorganisms, it simply removes them. It is the method of choice for sterilizing antibiotic […]
Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore-forming bacilli, often appear as boxcar shaped. It is mainly responsible for myonecrosis (gas gangrene), food poisoning, and gangrenous cholecystitis. Properties Gram staining: Gram-variable straight rods with blunt ends […]
Clostridium tetani is an obligate anaerobic, gram-positive bacillus with terminal round spore (drum stick appearance). It is the causative agent of tetanus, a vaccine-preventable disease that classically follows a puncture wound by a rusty nail […]
Copyright © 2020 | MH Magazine WordPress Theme by MH Themes
