This post was most recently updated on April 5th, 2018Neisseria is the only pathogenic gram negative cocci (precisely diplococci). Two species of Neisseria causes disease in humans; Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Human beings are […]
This post was most recently updated on January 24th, 2015Capsular polysaccharides: Neisseria meningitidis strains are frequently encapsulated and 13 different capsular serogroups have been found so far. These capsular polysaccharides protect the meningococci from the […]
This post was most recently updated on August 10th, 2016Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis has diverse clinical manifestations and shares many clinical features with other treponemal and nontreponemal […]
This post was most recently updated on February 21st, 2017Fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) test is an indirect fluorescent antibody technique used as a confirmatory test for syphilis. FTA-ABS is the first serological test (cardiolipin or specific […]
This post was most recently updated on August 26th, 2019Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test is a nonspecific flocculation test which is used for the screening of syphilis. VDRL test is easy to perform and […]
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