This post was most recently updated on August 26th, 2019 The average radius of the prokaryotic cells is: a. 0.5-2.0 μm b. 1.0-4.0 μm c. 1.0-10.0 μm d. 5.0-10.0 μm e. 10.0-30.0 μm While viewing […]
This post was most recently updated on July 25th, 2016 If a scientist actively researches the frequency and distribution of the diseases, he is said to be a: a. Mycologist b. Immunologist c. Etiologist d. […]
This post was most recently updated on December 3rd, 2017CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY: Antibody-independent immunity, mediated by TH1 cells. Examples: Type-IV Hypersensitivity responses, responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other intracellular pathogens. MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION: IFN-gamma, secreted by TH1 […]
This post was most recently updated on May 22nd, 2016 Cytokines are bioactive hormones, normally glycoproteins, which exercise a wide variety of biological effects on those cells which express the appropriate receptors. Cytokines are designated […]
This post was most recently updated on November 12th, 2017 The direct microscopic visualization of the malarial parasite on the thick and/or thin blood smears has been the “gold standard” for malaria diagnosis. Thick Blood […]
This post was most recently updated on July 14th, 2016 Hepatitis A is a fecal-oral transmitted infection often acquired through contaminated food. Hepatitis A virus causes infectious hepatitis. It is a subacute disease of global […]
This post was most recently updated on February 14th, 2015 Typical measles is reliably diagnosed on clinical grounds; laboratory diagnosis may be necessary in cases of modified or atypical measles. Clinical diagnosis: if Koplik’s spots […]
This post was most recently updated on January 18th, 2020 Laboratory diagnosis of human or animal rabies has to be based on the following findings: Demonstration of virus antigens (Ag) or nucleic acid from brain, […]
This post was most recently updated on February 16th, 2017 Tests to diagnose HIV infection can be divided into different categories: virus culture, antigen detection, detection of antibodies and viral genome amplification (PCR). Sample Collection […]
This post was most recently updated on February 16th, 2017 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a complex RNA virus of the genus Lentivirus within the Retroviridae family. HIV is an approximately 100 nm icosahedral structure with […]
This post was most recently updated on November 24th, 2018 At any time during the culture of a cell strain, cells in the culture may become transformed, meaning that they are no longer subject to […]
This post was most recently updated on August 26th, 2016 Two types of vaccine are available against poliomyelitis, inactivated vaccine (IPV, Salk) and live attenuated oral vaccine (OPV, Sabin). Both vaccine formulations contain all three […]
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