Selenite broth is used as an enrichment medium for the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella from stool, urine, water and food products. It is the most widely used enrichment medium to isolate Salmonella Typhi from […]
Staibs medium also known as Bird seed agar is a selective and differential medium for isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from clinical specimens and differentiation of it from other Cryptococcus species. Due to the presence of […]
Bismuth Sulfite Agar (BS) is a selective as well as differential medium for isolation and presumptive identification of Salmonella spp especially Salmonella Typhi. Salmonella spp are the causative agent of various diseases like gastroenteritis, sepsis, enteric […]
Chromogenic Agar Media are culture medium used to isolate, identify, and differentiate specific microorganism from a heterogeneous population. The medium contains chromogenic substrate which is utilized by the microorganism to give colored colonies that is […]
The initial encounter of a naïve immune-competent lymphocyte with an antigen induces a primary immune response; a later contact of the host with the same antigen will induce a more rapid and heightened secondary immune […]
Spread plate technique is a method employed to plate a liquid sample for the purpose of isolating or counting the bacteria present in that sample. A perfect spread plate technique will results visible and isolated colonies of bacteria […]
Most Probable Number (MPN) is a method used to estimate the concentration of viable microorganisms in a sample by means of replicate liquid broth growth in ten-fold dilutions. It is commonly used in estimating microbial […]
Thioglycollate broth is the enrichment broth most frequently used in diagnostic bacteriology. This broth supports growth of anaerobes, aerobes, microaerophilic, and fastidious microorganisms. It contains many nutritive factors, including casein, yeast, beef extracts, and vitamins […]
All living cells can be classified as either prokaryotic or eukarytoic. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and other membrane enclosed structures, whereas eukaryotic cells have such structure. All prokaryotes are single-celled organism and all are […]
Lecithinase test or Nagler’s reaction is a biochemical test used to identify organisms which liberate phospholipases (lecithinases) e.g. Clostridium perfringens. The alpha (α) toxin of C. perfringens has phospholipase activity and hence, helps in differentiation […]
The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is the standard method of determining whether a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or have exposure to tubercle bacilli. It was developed by Koch in 1890 but the intradermal […]
Acridine orange is a dye that intercalates or binds with the nucleic acid ( either DNA or RNA) present in organisms and fluoresce to emit various colors that help in differentiation of cellular organells. This […]
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