Borrelia species: Properties, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis
Borrelia species: Properties, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis
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Spirochetes
Treponema, Leptospira, Borrelia and spirochetal infections
Treponema pallidum: Properties, Pathogenesis, and Disease
Treponema pallidum: Properties, Pathogenesis, and Disease
Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease): Clinical Features, Diagnosis
Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Learn the three stages, the bull's-eye rash, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment — with clinical pea...
Demonstration of Treponema pallidum Using Dark-Field Microscopy
The full dark-field procedure for detecting Treponema pallidum in a chancre, the 20-minute window that makes or breaks it, and why oral or rectal samples can give a false positive.
Leptospira interrogans: Characteristics, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis
Leptospira interrogans: Characteristics, Pathogenesis, Lab Diagnosis
Dark-field Microscopy: Principle and Uses
How dark-field microscopy makes spirochetes like Treponema pallidum visible without staining, by detecting scattered light rather than resolving fine detail.