Cell Junctions: Types and Functions
Cell junctions explained through their three jobs: tight junctions seal, anchoring junctions fasten, and gap junctions communicate. Their types, structure, and functions, the plant...
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Cell Structure
Articles related to Cell Structure.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Structure, Types, and Functions
The endoplasmic reticulum explained: rough ER (with ribosomes) versus smooth ER, their structure and division of labor in protein and lipid synthesis, discovery, location, and the...
Cytoskeleton: Structure, Components, and Functions
The cytoskeleton explained through its three components: microfilaments (actin), intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Their structure, sizes, and functions in cell shape, move...
Centriole: Structure, Function, and How It Differs from the Centrosome
The centriole explained: its barrel of nine microtubule triplets (the 9+0 arrangement), why it has no membrane or DNA, how it forms the centrosome and the spindle poles, its role i...
Peroxisome: Structure, Enzymes, Functions, and Peroxisomal Disorders
Peroxisome structure and function explained: the catalase and oxidase enzymes, how it handles hydrogen peroxide and very-long-chain fatty acids, how it differs from the lysosome, a...
Vacuole: Structure, Types, and Functions
Vacuole structure and function explained: the tonoplast membrane, cell sap, the central vacuole and turgor pressure, and the types of vacuole (food, contractile, gas, and lytic), w...
Cytoplasm: Composition, Functions, and How It Differs from Cytosol and Protoplasm
Cytoplasm explained as a foundation for cell biology: its four components (cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, inclusions), its functions, and the clear difference between cytoplasm...
Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body): Structure and Functions
The Golgi apparatus explained as the cell's processing and shipping center: its cisternae, cis and trans faces, and how it modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids from th...
Cell Membrane: Structure, Function, and the Three Models (Sandwich, Unit, Fluid Mosaic)
Cell membrane structure and function explained through its three historical models: the Danielli-Davson sandwich model, Robertson's unit membrane model, and the Singer-Nicolson flu...
Nucleus: Structure, Functions, and Discovery
Nucleus structure and function explained part by part: nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleoplasm, chromatin, and nucleolus. With a labeled diagram, discovery history, and exam n...
Ribosome: Types, Structure, and Function
Ribosomes are the cell's protein factories. Learn the two types (70S and 80S), their structure and composition, what they do, and why the difference lets antibiotics kill bacteria...
Mitochondria: Structure, Function, Location, and Why It Has Its Own DNA
Mitochondria structure (cristae, matrix, double membrane), function in ATP production, location and number in the cell, mitochondrial DNA and the endosymbiotic theory, plus Janus G...