[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fxLN3MUwXCdr5RPjwZYIDpOj8CHyjOmngWTgoKXPtZbg":3,"$fACoP2c3oaW1nI9lkEkWnnxllBSe0HjoomspNbzzYKGw":32,"$f3Ft0rKFJHppdzE-vuveecxx1BUcg9iOlMLtyzf_MJDg":71},[4,8,12,16,20,24,28],{"title":5,"slug":6,"path":7},"About Microbeonline.com","about-microbeonline-com","\u002Fabout-microbeonline-com\u002F",{"title":9,"slug":10,"path":11},"About Me","about-me","\u002Fabout-microbeonline-com\u002Fabout-me\u002F",{"title":13,"slug":14,"path":15},"Advertise with Us","advertise-us","\u002Fadvertise-us\u002F",{"title":17,"slug":18,"path":19},"Privacy Policy","privacy-policy","\u002Fprivacy-policy\u002F",{"title":21,"slug":22,"path":23},"Abbreviations","abbreviations","\u002Fabbreviations\u002F",{"title":25,"slug":26,"path":27},"Microbes","microbes","\u002Fmicrobes\u002F",{"title":29,"slug":30,"path":31},"Books","recommended-books","\u002Frecommended-books\u002F",{"type":33,"data":34},"blog",{"slug":35,"title":36,"description":36,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":39,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"body":43,"faq":44,"tags":45,"related":47},"multiple-choice-questions-in-microbiology-the-history-of-microbiology","MCQs in History of Microbiology (Part II)",null,"Acharya Tankeshwar","2013-08-09","2026-07-12",false,"mcqs","**1.** **Which of the following bacteria was not discovered byRobert Koch?**\n\n*a)      Bacillus anthracis*\n\n*b)      Mycobacterium tuberculosis*\n\n*c)       Salmonella typhi*\n\n*d)      Vibrio cholerae*\n\n**2.** **Which of the following scientist first described the usefulness ofAzotobacteras a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria?**\n\na)      H. Hellriegel\n\nb)      H. Wilfarth\n\nc)       Martinus willem Beijerinick\n\nd)      Sergei Winogradsky\n\n![History of Microbiology II](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fblogs\u002FMCQs-History-of-Microbiology-II.jpg)Figure: History of Microbiology II\n\n**3.** **Which of the following scientist first showed a mutually beneficial relationship between bacteria and leguminous plants?**\n\na)      H. Hellriegel and H. Wilfarth\n\nb)      Nocard and Roux\n\nc)       Sergei Winogradsky and Martinus Willem Beijerinck\n\nd)      Welch and Nuttall\n\n**4.** **All of the following scientists gotNobel Prize for their contribution to the field of Microbiologyexcept**\n\na)      Antony Van Leeuwenhoek\n\nb)      Elie Metchnikoff\n\nc)       Paul Ehrlich\n\nd)      Robert Koch\n\n**5.** **All of the following scientists supported the idea of “spontaneous generation” of animals except:**\n\n![Red's Experiment; proved maggots came from flies - This Experiment proved maggots came from flies](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fblogs\u002FRedis-experiment-150x150.jpg)Figure: This Experiment proved maggots came from flies\n\na)      Aristotle\n\nb)      Francesco Redi\n\nc)       John Needham\n\nd)      Felix Archimede Pouchet\n\n**6.** **Which of the following scientist tried to disprove the spontaneous generation theory by passing air through cotton into flasks containing heated broth?**\n\na)      Franz Schulze\n\nb)      H. Schroder and T. Von Dusch\n\nc)       Lazaro Spallanzani\n\nd)      Theodor Schwann\n\n**7.** **Which of the following scientist tried to disprove spontaneous generation theory by passing air into his flasks through red hot tubes?**\n\na)      Franz Schulze\n\nb)      H. Schroder and T. Von Dusch\n\nc)       Lazaro Spallanzani\n\nd)      Theodor Schwann\n\n**8. Which of the following scientist tried to disprove Spontaneous generation theory by using simple goose-necked flasks?**\n\n![Swan necked experiment of Pasteur to disprove theory of spontaneous generation - Swan necked experiment  to disprove the theory of spontaneous generation](https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fblogs\u002FSwan-neck-experiment-300x278.jpg)Figure: Swan necked experiment  to disprove the theory of spontaneous generation\n\na)      Franz Schulze\n\nb)      H. Schroder and T. Von Dusch\n\nc)       Louis Pasteur\n\nd)      Theodor Schwann\n\n**9.** **Which of the following scientist tried to disprove the spontaneous generation theory by passing air through strong acid solutions into boiled infusions?**\n\na)      Franz Schulze\n\nb)      H. Schroder and T. Von Dusch\n\nc)       Louis Pasteur\n\nd)      Theodor Schwann\n\n**10**. **Which of the following scientist carried out an experiment in a specially designed box to prove dust carried the germs?**\n\na)      H. Schroder and T. Von Dusch\n\nb)      John Tyndall\n\nc)       Lazaro Spallanzani\n\nd)      Louis Pasteur\n\n### History of Microbiology: Answer Key & Notes\n\n**1. Correct Answer: c (Salmonella typhi)**\n\n**2. Correct Answer: c (Martinus Willem Beijerinck)**\n\n**3. Correct Answer: c (Sergei Winogradsky and Martinus Willem Beijerinck)**\n\n- **Note:** Sergei Winogradsky is widely recognized as the \"Father of Soil Microbiology.\"\n\n**4. Correct Answer: a (Antony Van Leeuwenhoek)**\n\n- **Historical Milestones:** Robert Koch was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1905. Elie Metchnikoff (often referred to as the \"Father of Natural Immunity\") and Paul Ehrlich were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1908 for their work on immunity.\n\n**5. Correct Answer: b (Francesco Redi)**\n\n- **Historical Milestone:** He was among the first scientists to design controlled experiments to challenge and disprove the Aristotelian theory of spontaneous generation (abiogenesis).\n\n**6. Correct Answer: b (H. Schröder and T. von Dusch)**\n\n- **Historical Milestone:** In their famous 1854 experiment, they passed air into flasks containing sterile organic infusions through a plug of cotton wool; no growth of microorganisms was observed, proving that cotton wool filters out airborne microbes.\n\n**7. Correct Answer: d (Theodor Schwann)**\n\n**8. Correct Answer: c (Louis Pasteur)**\n\n**9. Correct Answer: a (Franz Schulze)**\n\n- **Historical Milestone:** Operating between 1815 and 1873, Schulze conducted early abiogenesis refutation experiments by passing entering air through highly concentrated potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sulfuric acid solutions before it reached a boiled infusion.\n\n**10. Correct Answer: b (John Tyndall)**\n\n- **Historical Milestone:** Tyndall developed the process of fractional sterilization (now known as Tyndallization) to destroy highly heat-resistant bacterial endospores.",[],[46],"mcqs-in-microbiology",[48,54,60,66],{"slug":49,"title":50,"description":50,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":51,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":52,"tags":53},"history-of-microbiology-multiple-choice-questions","MCQs in History of Microbiology (Part I)","2013-05-31",[],[46],{"slug":55,"title":56,"description":56,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":57,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":58,"tags":59},"mcqs-in-microbiology-for-m-sc-entrance-examination","MCQs in Microbiology: Miscellaneous Topics","2012-05-21",[],[46],{"slug":61,"title":62,"description":62,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":63,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":64,"tags":65},"mcq-general-microbiology","General Microbiology MCQs with Answers (11-21)","2010-04-20",[],[46],{"slug":67,"title":68,"description":68,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":63,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":69,"tags":70},"mcq-microbiology","General Microbiology MCQs with Answer Keys (1-10)",[],[46],[72,78,85,90,94,98,103,108,112,116],{"slug":73,"name":38,"description":74,"image":75,"body":76,"postCount":77},"acharya-tankeshwar","Editor-in-chief","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fauthors\u002Ftankeshwar-acharya-author-microbeonline.jpg","***Tankeshwar Acharya, MSc (Medical Microbiology)***\n\n*Tankeshwar Acharya is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Microbiology at Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), Nepal, where he has been teaching and practicing clinical microbiology for over 14 years. He is the founder of Microbe Online, one of the leading free microbiology education resources on the web, covering bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and clinical laboratory diagnostics written from direct experience in both the classroom and the diagnostic laboratory.*",432,{"slug":79,"name":80,"description":81,"image":82,"body":83,"postCount":84},"ashma-shrestha","Ashma Shrestha","SEO Copywriter and Science Communicator\nKathmandu, Nepal","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fauthors\u002Fashma-shrestha.png","Ashma Shrestha holds a Master of Science in Medical Microbiology from the Institute of Science and Technology (IOST), Tribhuvan University, Nepal, where she developed a strong foundation in virology, molecular biology, and diagnostic microbiology.\n\nShe now works as an SEO Copywriter at Resolution Digital, where she combines her scientific training with research-driven content strategy. She is certified in Google Analytics and Google Business Profile (GBP), and brings a data-informed approach to science communication writing content that is not only accurate but structured to reach and serve the students who need it most.\n\nAt microbeonline, Ashma contributes articles primarily in virology and molecular biology, areas she finds most compelling for their mechanistic depth and their growing clinical relevance. Her writing reflects the same standard the site is built on: factual rigor, clear explanation of the *why* behind microbiology concepts, and content that helps students move from memorization to genuine understanding.\n\nShe is passionate about making complex microbiological concepts accessible without sacrificing accuracy; a skill that sits at the intersection of her scientific training and her professional work in content and SEO.",81,{"slug":86,"name":87,"description":88,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":89},"sushmita-baniya","Sushmita Baniya","Author \u002F Contributor",32,{"slug":91,"name":92,"description":88,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":93},"samikshya-acharya","Samikshya Acharya",20,{"slug":95,"name":96,"description":88,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":97},"alisha-tripathi","Alisha Tripathi",6,{"slug":99,"name":100,"description":101,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":102},"aastha-shrestha","Aastha Shrestha"," Author \u002F Contributor",10,{"slug":104,"name":105,"description":106,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":107},"guest-author","Guest Author","Guest Author \u002F Contributor",2,{"slug":109,"name":110,"description":88,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":111},"srijana-khanal","Srijana Khanal",18,{"slug":113,"name":114,"description":106,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":115},"dr-poonam-acharya","Dr. Poonam Acharya",1,{"slug":117,"name":118,"description":88,"image":37,"body":119,"postCount":120},"nisha-rijal","Nisha Rijal","**Nisha Rijal** is a microbiologist and quality assurance specialist. She served for nearly 12 years as a microbiologist at the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Nepal's national reference laboratory, and continues to work as a consultant microbiologist in international public health organization. ",51]