[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fxLN3MUwXCdr5RPjwZYIDpOj8CHyjOmngWTgoKXPtZbg":3,"$fsy1gIcpxa75y498fsFVCIS8Nxw6Nso_uzYkhATkPetY":32,"$f3Ft0rKFJHppdzE-vuveecxx1BUcg9iOlMLtyzf_MJDg":87},[4,8,12,16,20,24,28],{"title":5,"slug":6,"path":7},"About Microbeonline.com","about-microbeonline-com","\u002Fabout-microbeonline-com\u002F",{"title":9,"slug":10,"path":11},"About Me","about-me","\u002Fabout-microbeonline-com\u002Fabout-me\u002F",{"title":13,"slug":14,"path":15},"Advertise with Us","advertise-us","\u002Fadvertise-us\u002F",{"title":17,"slug":18,"path":19},"Privacy Policy","privacy-policy","\u002Fprivacy-policy\u002F",{"title":21,"slug":22,"path":23},"Abbreviations","abbreviations","\u002Fabbreviations\u002F",{"title":25,"slug":26,"path":27},"Microbes","microbes","\u002Fmicrobes\u002F",{"title":29,"slug":30,"path":31},"Books","recommended-books","\u002Frecommended-books\u002F",{"type":33,"data":34},"blog",{"slug":35,"title":36,"description":36,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":39,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"body":43,"faq":44,"tags":45,"related":47},"mcq-microbiology-bacterial-infections-and-diseases","MCQs Bacteriology (31-40): Bacterial Infections",null,"Acharya Tankeshwar","2012-05-27","2026-07-12",false,"mcqs","**MCQ Bacteriology 31**: A diagnosis of diphtheria is confirmed by:\n\nA) Microscopic appearance of organisms stained with methylene blue\\\nB) Isolation of a typical colony on Tinsdale’s agar\\\nC) Isolation of typical organisms from materials such as blood, showing invasiveness\\\nD) Detection of β phage plaques in cultures of suspicious isolates\\\nE) Demonstration of toxin production by a suspicious isolate.\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 32**: *Listeria monocytogenes* shows which of the following characteristics?\n\nA) It can grow at refrigerator temperatures (4°C)\\\nB) It is an extracellular pathogen\\\nC) It is catalase-negative\\\nD) It is a gram-negative coccus\\\nE) It is strictly a human pathogen\n\n\u003Cfigure>\n\u003Cimg src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fblogs\u002Fmcqs-bacterial-infection-and-disease.jpg\" alt=\"MCQs in Bacterial Infections\" width=\"1024\" height=\"726\" draggable=\"false\" contenteditable=\"false\">\u003Cfigcaption>MCQs in Bacterial Infections\u003C\u002Ffigcaption>\n\u003C\u002Ffigure>\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 33:** Which one of the following is characteristic of  *N.meningitidis* but not *N.gonorrhoeae*?\n\nA) Ferments glucose\\\nB) Contains a polysaccharide capsule\\\nC) Is oxidase-positive\\\nD) Most isolates show resistance to penicillin\\\nE) No effective vaccines are available\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 34**: Which of the following is true of *Haemophilus influenzae*?\n\nA) Invasive infections are most commonly associated with encapsulated strains\\\nB) Most invasive infections occur in infants during the neonatal period\\\nC) Most human infections are acquired from domestic pets\\\nD) The organism can be readily cultured on sheep blood agar in an environment of elevated CO2\\\nE) Older adults are rarely at risk for infection with this organism because they typically have a high level of immunity.\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 35**: For which of the following organisms is there no known animal reservoir?\n\n*A) Francisella tularensis*\n\n*B) Pasteurella multocida*\n\n*C)  Bordetella pertussis*\n\n*D) Brucella melitensis*\n\n*E) Yersinia pestis*\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 36**: A distinguishing feature of human mycoplasma species is that they:\n\nA) Stain well with Giemsa, but not by Gram stain\n\nB)  Contain no bacterial pepidoglycan\n\nC) Are not immunogenic because they mimic host cell membrane components\n\nD) Cannot be cultivated in vitro\n\nE) Are dependent on host sources of ATP\n\n**MCQ Bacteriology 37**: Which one of the following is most characteristic of  *Mycoplasma pneumoniae* infection?\n\nA) Infection results in a fever of sudden onset accompanied by a productive cough\n\nB) Infection most commonly occurs in the upper respiratory tract\n\nC) Infection is definitively diagnosed by direct microscopic examination of sputum\n\nD) Re-infection is rare and less severe than primary infection\n\nE) Infection causes extensive scarring and calcification of affected lung tissue\n\n### TRY MCQ Bacteriology 41-50 HERE\n\n## Answer Keys\n\n**Q. No. 31:**  EObservation of diphtheria toxin production is required to prove the diagnosis. Options A and B are presumptive indicators. Beta phage is a temperate phage, and lytic activity is not observed. [Corynebacterium diphtheriae ](\u002Fcorynebacterium-diphtheriae-properties-pathogenesis-diagnosis\u002F)is noninvasive, and the organism (but not the toxin) is recovered only from the surface infections such as those of the oropharynx and skin lesions.\n\n**Q. No. 32:**  A*Listeria monocytogenes* grow optimally at 30 to 37°C but is capable of growth at 4°C. Thus, refrigeration does not reliably suppress the growth in food. *L. monocytogenes* is catalase-positive, gram-positive, obligate intracellular pathogens. These organisms are found in cattle, other warm-blooded animals, and fish, where they can cause disease.\n\n**Q. No. 33:** **B**\n\n*N.meningitidis* contains a polysaccharide capsule, whereas [N. gonorrhoeae ](\u002Fneisseria-gonorrhoeae-properties-disease-pathogenesis-and-laboratory-diagnosis\u002F)does not. *N. meningitidis* ferments both glucose and maltose, but *N.gonorrhoeae* metabolizes only glucose. Most isolates of *N.meningitidis* remain sensitive to penicillin, although resistance is increasing. Effective vaccines exist for *N.meningitidis* serogroups A, C. W-135, and Y, but not for *N. gonorrhoeae.*\n\n**Q. No. 34:**  **A**\n\nThe capsule is antiphagocytic and facilitates hematogenous dissemination of \\*Haemophilus influenzae.\\*Although *H.influenaze* is an important pathogen of infants and young children, passive transfer of maternal immunoglobulin G may afford neonates protection. Immunity begins to wane in older adults, increasing the risk of infection for this population. Humans are the only natural hosts for *H.influenzae*. *H.influenzae* requires both hemins, X factor, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), V factor, which are unavailable in blood agar. Heating the blood lyses the RBC, releasing both X and V factors and simultaneously inactivating a NAD-inactivating enzyme in the blood. Media made with such heated blood is termed “**chocolate agar**“. The organism does prefer elevated CO2.\n\n**Q. No. 35:**  **C**\n\n[Francisella tularensis ](\u002Ffrancisella-tularensis-properties-pathogenesis-lab-diagnosis\u002F)has a broad host range, including wild and domestic animals, birds, and house pets. *Pasteurella multocida* primarily colonizes mammals and birds, both domestic and feral. *Brucella melitensis* primarily infects sheep and goats. *Yersinia pestis* infects a variety of mammals.\n\n**Q. No. 36:**  **B**\n\nThe distinguishing feature of mycoplasma is its complete lack of a cell wall.\n\n**Q. No. 37:**  **B**\n\nAtypical pneumonia is the best-known form of *Mycoplasma pneumoniae* infection. However, upper respiratory tract and ear infections are much more frequent. Atypical pneumonia is characterized by a gradual onset and a scantily productive cough. Direct microscopic examination of clinical specimens for *M. pneumoniae* is of limited value. Sputum is scanty and nonpurulent, and the pathogen stains poorly or not using standard bacteriologic stains. Reinfection causes more severe lesions and a more extensive chronic inflammatory response. Recovery is slow but without residual damage.",[],[46],"bacteriology-mcqs",[48,55,61,69,75,81],{"slug":49,"title":50,"description":50,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":51,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":52,"faq":53,"tags":54},"mcqs-on-sexually-transmitted-infections-and-spiral-bacteria","MCQs Bacteriology (61-70): Sexually Transmitted Infections","2013-05-09","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fblogs\u002Fmcqs-in-sexually-transmitted-infections.jpg",[],[46],{"slug":56,"title":57,"description":57,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":58,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":59,"tags":60},"mcq-microbiology-bacteriology-bacterial-skin-infections","MCQs Bacteriology (41-50): Bacterial Skin Infections","2012-06-08",[],[46],{"slug":62,"title":63,"description":63,"seoTitle":64,"seoDescription":65,"author":38,"createdDate":66,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":67,"tags":68},"mcq-bacteriology-laboratory-diagnosis-of-bacterial-disease","MCQs Bacteriology (21-30): Lab Diagnosis of Bacterial Disease","Bacteriology Diagnosis MCQs With Answers: Questions 21–30","Practice bacteriology diagnosis questions 21-30 with answers and explanations covering specimen testing, culture findings, pathogens, and interpretation.","2012-05-11",[],[46],{"slug":70,"title":71,"description":71,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":72,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":73,"tags":74},"mcq-microbiology-infectious-disease-bacteriology","MCQs Bacteriology (11-20): Bacterial Infections with Answers","2012-04-14",[],[46],{"slug":76,"title":77,"description":77,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":78,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":79,"tags":80},"top-ten-most-important-mcqs-about-rickettsial-disease","Top Ten MCQs about Rickettsial Disease","2012-04-09",[],[46],{"slug":82,"title":83,"description":83,"seoTitle":37,"seoDescription":37,"author":38,"createdDate":84,"lastUpdatedDate":40,"draft":41,"category":42,"image":37,"faq":85,"tags":86},"multiple-choice-questions-mcq-microbiologybacteriology","MCQs Bacteriology (1-10): With Answers and Explanations","2012-02-26",[],[46],[88,94,101,106,110,114,119,124,128,132],{"slug":89,"name":38,"description":90,"image":91,"body":92,"postCount":93},"acharya-tankeshwar","Editor-in-chief","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fauthors\u002Ftankeshwar-acharya-author-microbeonline.jpg","***Tankeshwar Acharya, MSc (Medical Microbiology)***\n\n*Tankeshwar Acharya is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Microbiology at Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), Nepal, where he has been teaching and practicing clinical microbiology for over 14 years. He is the founder of Microbe Online, one of the leading free microbiology education resources on the web, covering bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and clinical laboratory diagnostics written from direct experience in both the classroom and the diagnostic laboratory.*",433,{"slug":95,"name":96,"description":97,"image":98,"body":99,"postCount":100},"ashma-shrestha","Ashma Shrestha","SEO Copywriter and Science Communicator\nKathmandu, Nepal","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.microbeonline.com\u002Fauthors\u002Fashma-shrestha.png","Ashma Shrestha holds a Master of Science in Medical Microbiology from the Institute of Science and Technology (IOST), Tribhuvan University, Nepal, where she developed a strong foundation in virology, molecular biology, and diagnostic microbiology.\n\nShe now works as an SEO Copywriter at Resolution Digital, where she combines her scientific training with research-driven content strategy. She is certified in Google Analytics and Google Business Profile (GBP), and brings a data-informed approach to science communication writing content that is not only accurate but structured to reach and serve the students who need it most.\n\nAt microbeonline, Ashma contributes articles primarily in virology and molecular biology, areas she finds most compelling for their mechanistic depth and their growing clinical relevance. Her writing reflects the same standard the site is built on: factual rigor, clear explanation of the *why* behind microbiology concepts, and content that helps students move from memorization to genuine understanding.\n\nShe is passionate about making complex microbiological concepts accessible without sacrificing accuracy; a skill that sits at the intersection of her scientific training and her professional work in content and SEO.",81,{"slug":102,"name":103,"description":104,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":105},"sushmita-baniya","Sushmita Baniya","Author \u002F Contributor",32,{"slug":107,"name":108,"description":104,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":109},"samikshya-acharya","Samikshya Acharya",20,{"slug":111,"name":112,"description":104,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":113},"alisha-tripathi","Alisha Tripathi",6,{"slug":115,"name":116,"description":117,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":118},"aastha-shrestha","Aastha Shrestha"," Author \u002F Contributor",9,{"slug":120,"name":121,"description":122,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":123},"guest-author","Guest Author","Guest Author \u002F Contributor",2,{"slug":125,"name":126,"description":104,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":127},"srijana-khanal","Srijana Khanal",18,{"slug":129,"name":130,"description":122,"image":37,"body":37,"postCount":131},"dr-poonam-acharya","Dr. Poonam Acharya",1,{"slug":133,"name":134,"description":104,"image":37,"body":135,"postCount":136},"nisha-rijal","Nisha Rijal","**Nisha Rijal** is a microbiologist and quality assurance specialist. She served for nearly 12 years as a microbiologist at the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Nepal's national reference laboratory, and continues to work as a consultant microbiologist in international public health organization. ",51]