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Home2020April

Month: April 2020

Bacteriology

Radiation Sterilization: Types, Mechanism, and Applications

April 24, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 1

Radiation is currently used for sterilization and decontamination in the medical supplies (surgical supplies, vaccines, and drugs) and food industries. Two types of radiations are available; ionizing and non-ionizing. Radiation sterilization is not widely used […]

Yersinia pestis, major features
Bacteriology

Yersinia pestis: Properties, Disease and Laboratory Diagnosis

April 24, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Yersinia pestis is gram-negative rods responsible for highly fatal zoonotic disease, plague. Plague is one of the greatest killers known to mankind with at least three pandemics reported in history. It is transmitted to humans […]

Borrelia in dark-field microscope
Bacteriology

Dark-field Microscopy: Principles, Use, Advantages and Limitations

April 21, 2020 Nisha Rijal 0

Dark-field microscopy is a technique that can be used for the observation of living, unstained cells and microorganisms. In this microscopy, the specimen is brightly illuminated while the background is dark. It is one type […]

Bacillus anthracis important properties
Bacteriology

Bacillus anthracis: Properties, Pathogenesis and Laboratory Diagnosis

April 21, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Bacillus anthracis, the most notorious pathogen of the genus Bacillus, is the causative agent of a serious zoonotic disease called anthrax. Anthrax is primarily a disease of wild and domestic herbivorous mammals. It is one […]

Properties of Streptococcus agalactiae
Bacteriology

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS): Properties, Pathogenesis and Laboratory Diagnosis

April 19, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Other infections caused by Group B Streptococci include postpartum endometritis and bacteremia among pregnant women and pneumonia, endocarditis, skin […]

Steps of Phagocytosis
Immunology

Phagocytosis: Mechanism and Steps

April 17, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 2

Phagocytosis is the ingestion of extracellular particulate material such as invading pathogens or dead/dying cells by phagocytic cells and is one of the important innate defense mechanisms. It is primarily conducted by specialized cells, such […]

Chemical disinfectants
Microbiology for Beginners

Disinfection: Methods and Uses

April 15, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Disinfection is a process whereby pathogenic organisms, but not necessarily all microorganisms or spores, are destroyed. Disinfection may be accomplished by physical or chemical means. A number of factors influence the activity of disinfectants such […]

SARS-Cov-2-IgG-IgM-procedure-and-interpretation
Lab Diagnosis of Viral Disease

SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM Rapid Test for the diagnosis of COVID-19

April 14, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid test is a lateral flow immunoassay intended for the qualitative detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the blood (serum, plasma) from patients suspected of COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid […]

Listeria monocytogenes in Gram and Culture
Bacteriology

Listeria monocytogenes: Properties, Pathogenesis, and Lab Diagnosis

April 11, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular Gram-positive coccobacilli responsible for listeriosis, one of the serious food-borne infections. Other important distinguishing properties of this organism are as follows; It shows tumbling type of motility at 25°C […]

virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes
Bacteriology

Virulence factors of Listeria monocytogenes

April 11, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that is able to adhere to, invade, and survive within mammalian cells, including macrophages. It is a food-borne pathogen responsible for listeriosis, one of the deadliest foodborne infections […]

Isotypes, allotypes and idiotypes
Immunology

Isotypes, Allotypes, and Idiotypes

April 9, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 1

Human antibodies are Y shaped, tetrapeptide glycoproteins made by two heavy chains and two light chains that are bound together by disulfide bonds. Like any other proteins, antibodies can act as an antigen, if injected […]

Structure of Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
Immunology

Immunoglobulin A (IgA): Structure and Functions

April 7, 2020 Acharya Tankeshwar 0

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the second most abundant class of immunoglobulin next to IgG, constituting about 10-15% of total serum immunoglobulin and it is the predominant immunoglobulin class in external secretions. IgA can exist as […]

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