Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation is used for the rapid detection of fungal elements in clinical specimen, as it clears the specimen making fungal elements more visible during direct microscopic examination. KOH is a strong alkali. When […]
M. tuberculosis requires aerobic conditions and a protein-enriched medium for culture. Löwenstein–Jensen (LJ) slopes are the main solid media used to culture Mycobacteria. It contains inspissated eggs, malachite green, and glycerol (or pyruvate). LJ medium […]
Immunoglobulin M (IgM), the largest pentameric immunoglobulin is used as a marker of recent primary infection for some diseases. IgM constitutes 5-10% of serum immunoglobulins in adults. IgM has half life of 5 days and can […]
Some pathogenic microorganisms when propagated in culture medium give distinctive colors of their colonies. Such pigmentation comes in a variety of hues, and often provides important diagnostic clues in laboratories for the identification of the […]
The most common gram-negative cocci of medical importance belong to the family Neisseriaceae which includes the genera Neisseria, Moraxella, Kingella, Acinetobacter etc. Gram Negative Cocci Neisseria species : The genus Neisseria contains 12 species, two of which, N.meningitidis […]
Influenza virus, the causative agents of seasonal flu (and pandemic flu) is the deadly contagious virus. It is the only virus of medical importance of the family Orthomyxoviruses. Paramyxoviruses include most important agents of viral […]
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