Bacterial toxins are broadly divided into two general categories: exotoxins and endotoxins. Exotoxins are proteins produced inside pathogenic bacteria and are secreted into the surrounding medium,...
Month: April 2013
Flagella (singular, flagellum) are the locomotory structures of many prokaryotes. Most protozoa and some bacteria are motile. Protozoa use flagella, cilia, or pseudopods, whereas motile bacteria move...
Bacterial spores are highly resistant, dormant structures (i.e. no metabolic activity) formed in response to adverse environmental conditions. As bacterial spores are formed within the parent cell,...
Some bacterial cells are surrounded by a viscous substance forming a covering layer or envelope around the cell wall, called a capsule. Bacterial capsules can be visualized by light microscopy using...
Staphylococcus aureus, a frequent colonizer of the skin and nasal mucosa of humans and animals, is a highly successful opportunistic pathogen. Major Characteristics of Staphylococcus...
Salmonella is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacilli that moves with the use of its peritrichous flagella. The genus Salmonella can be divided into two species (S. enterica and S. bongori),...